Figure 3.8 - Extrude in the Toolbar
Here are all the extrude types:
Extrude Region: Select one or multiple elements to extrude them
as a single block. That is the default extrude option you can trigger
with the E key.
Extrude Manifold: A powerful new extrude mode introduced with
Blender 2.9 that can automatically divide and erase faces based
on their location. It is a great tool to extrude to the interior of your
existing model.
Extrude Along Normals: The extrude will use the element
normals to get a direction. Usually, the normals go towards the
perpendicular direction from the selected element.